{"id":32364,"date":"2024-01-25T03:33:30","date_gmt":"2024-01-25T03:33:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/?p=32364"},"modified":"2024-07-30T08:27:08","modified_gmt":"2024-07-30T08:27:08","slug":"why-do-pcb-vias-shift","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/why-do-pcb-vias-shift\/","title":{"rendered":"Pourquoi les vias aveugles et enterr\u00e9s des circuits imprim\u00e9s se d\u00e9placent-ils ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"32364\" class=\"elementor elementor-32364\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ad4e089 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ad4e089\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c6778c\" data-id=\"2c6778c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d405a4d\" data-id=\"d405a4d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91f2564 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"91f2564\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f716704 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f716704\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why Do PCB Via Shift?\n<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6633e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a6633e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b9a254 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"2b9a254\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8460a71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8460a71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is a PCB Via?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f801480 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f801480\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A PCB (Printed Circuit Board) via is a small, yet critical conductive hole that pierces through the various layers of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/multilayer-flexible-pcb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">multilayer PCB<\/a>, facilitating the transmission of electrical signals and power across these different strata. Such vias are indispensable in modern PCB design, particularly as they enable intricate circuit layouts and accommodate high-density component configurations. By bridging separate layers, vias allow for more complex and compact designs, effectively maximizing the functional use of the space within the PCB while maintaining the necessary electrical connections. This capability is pivotal for supporting advanced electronic functionalities in a range of devices, from simple gadgets to complex computing systems.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1ebccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e1ebccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"484\" height=\"290\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1kk.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32692\" alt=\"Blind and Buried Vias\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1kk.jpg 484w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1kk-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture1kk-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: Typical PCB Vias<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d65bec8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d65bec8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why Do PCB Vias Shift: Reason and Solution<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02936cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02936cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>PCB vias may shift or misalign during the manufacturing process due to several factors, affecting the reliability and functionality of the printed circuit board. Here are some common reasons why PCB vias might shift:<\/p><ul><li><p><strong>Drilling Inaccuracies<\/strong>: The accuracy of drilling vias is critical. Issues such as drill bit wear, misalignment of the drilling machine, or instability of the PCB material under the drill can cause the holes to deviate from their designated locations.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Layer Misalignment During Lamination<\/strong>: In multilayer PCBs, precise alignment of each layer is essential before lamination. Any misalignment during this phase can cause layers to shift slightly, misaligning the vias.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Thermal Expansion<\/strong>: Different materials in the PCB expand or contract at different rates due to their coefficients of thermal expansion. This disparity can occur during various heating processes in manufacturing, such as lamination and soldering, leading to via shifts.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Mechanical Stress<\/strong>: Physical handling, including cutting and milling during manufacturing, can apply stress to the board, potentially causing via shifts.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Improper Handling or Storage<\/strong>: Warping or bending of PCBs due to incorrect handling or storage can lead to via misalignment.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Plating Issues<\/strong>: During the plating process, vias are coated with a conductive material, typically copper. If this plating is uneven or the via walls are not uniformly plated, it can lead to issues such as copper plating voids or thickness variations. These issues can compromise the structural integrity of the via, potentially leading to physical shifts or electrical failures. Uneven plating can also result from impurities in the plating solution or improper electroplating parameters.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efdd5cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"efdd5cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a849ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a849ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><strong>To address these challenges, manufacturers often implement several solutions:\u00a0<\/strong><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><ul><li><p><strong>Precision Drilling Techniques<\/strong>: Utilizing advanced drilling equipment with high accuracy is crucial. CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines and laser drilling are commonly used to achieve precise via dimensions.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Regular Calibration and Maintenance<\/strong>: Equipment used for drilling and plating vias should be regularly calibrated and maintained to avoid deviations from specified tolerances.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Use of High-Quality Materials<\/strong>: The quality of the materials used, such as the copper and substrate, can affect the consistency and quality of the vias. Using high-grade materials reduces the risk of defects that could lead to tolerance issues.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Robust Design Rules<\/strong>: Implementing stringent design rules that account for potential manufacturing variations can help in managing via tolerances. These rules should include specifications for via size, annular ring, aspect ratio, and pad size.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Real-Time Monitoring<\/strong>: Employing real-time monitoring technologies during the drilling and plating processes can help detect and correct deviations early in the manufacturing process.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Thermal Management<\/strong>: Since thermal expansion can affect via dimensions, controlling the manufacturing environment&#8217;s temperature and humidity is essential.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Quality Control Tests<\/strong>: Conducting thorough inspections and tests, such as Automated Optical Inspection (AOI), x-ray inspection, and electrical testing, to verify that vias are within tolerance limits.<\/p><\/li><li><p><strong>Feedback Loops<\/strong>: Implementing a feedback system where data from quality control tests are used to adjust manufacturing processes can help in maintaining via tolerances consistently.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47b5bdc elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"47b5bdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"489\" height=\"268\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via2-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32745\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via2-1.jpg 489w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via2-1-300x164.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via2-1-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 489px) 100vw, 489px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: PCB Vias and Void<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9af788e elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"9af788e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07287b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"07287b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Impact of Via Shifts<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07c5380 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"07c5380\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Via shifts in PCBs can significantly impact the functionality and reliability of electronic devices. Here are some key effects:<\/p><ol><li><p><strong>Electrical Connectivity Issues<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Signal Integrity:<\/strong> Via shifts can disrupt the continuity of electrical paths, leading to broken or weak connections. This is particularly critical in high-frequency circuits where precise impedance matching is necessary.<\/li><li><strong>Interference and Crosstalk:<\/strong> Misalignment might result in vias being too close to unintended traces or components, increasing the risk of crosstalk or electromagnetic interference, which can degrade signal quality.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Mechanical Integrity<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Structural Weakness:<\/strong> When vias are not properly aligned, it can lead to structural weaknesses in the PCB. This might cause the board to be more susceptible to damage during handling or operation, especially under thermal or mechanical stress.<\/li><li><strong>Increased Failure Rates:<\/strong> Misaligned vias under mechanical stress can lead to increased failure rates over time due to the weakening of connections and potential cracking of solder joints.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Thermal Management<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Heat Distribution:<\/strong> Vias often play a role in distributing heat away from components to heat sinks or other thermal management solutions. A shift in via location can affect this heat distribution, potentially leading to overheating of components.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><p><strong>Manufacturing Yields and Costs<\/strong>:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Rework and Scrap Rates:<\/strong> Misalignment may require PCBs to undergo rework or be scrapped altogether, leading to increased manufacturing costs.<\/li><li><strong>Testing and Quality Control:<\/strong> Additional testing may be needed to identify and rectify issues arising from via shifts, further increasing production time and costs.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83fb0c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"83fb0c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56ca885 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"56ca885\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PCB Vias Function <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdc0f54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bdc0f54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Printed circuit board Vias is providing electrical paths that connect the different layers of the PCB. Following are some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/main-pcb\/\">main functions of PCB<\/a> via:<br \/><strong>Allowing electrical connections:<\/strong><\/p><p>PCB vias are essential in making electrical connections between different components and parts on the surface of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/single-sided-pcb\/\">printed circuit boards and connecting the PCB layers<\/a> as well.<br \/><b>Minimizing Noise:<\/b><br \/>When several components are mounted on the PCB layer, there may be electrical noise produced on the surface layer of the PCB. via grounding the circuit board, which helps to reduce the noise created during these connections and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/ceramic-pcb-manufacturing-process\/\">PCB manufacturing process<\/a>.<br \/><strong>PCB space efficiency:<\/strong><br \/>Vias ensures that the available space on different layers of the PCB is used effectively.<br \/><strong>PCB Miniaturization:<\/strong><br \/>Vias helps the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/consumer-electronics-pcba\/\">PCB<\/a> manufacturer produce compact PCBs, which is crucial in PCB designs where size matters for designers.<br \/><strong>Thermal Management:<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/pcb-vias-selection-guide\/\">PCB VIAS<\/a> play a vital role in heat dissipation by electrical components during PCB manufacturing, especially in designing power electronic devices.<br \/><strong>Avoids signal integrity issues:<\/strong><br \/>Vias avoids signal interference and signal integrity issues by maintaining consistent impedance levels across the PCB.<\/p><p>Now that we understand printed circuit board vias and their functions, let&#8217;s have a look at different kinds of PCB vias.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9214d9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9214d9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"582\" height=\"359\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32711\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via-1.jpg 582w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via-1-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 582px) 100vw, 582px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: PCB Vias Circuit Diagram<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d48a84b elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"d48a84b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-adc6f68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"adc6f68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TYPES OF PCB VIAS:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e91111f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e91111f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Depending on the use and functionality of printed circuit boards, PCBs can be divided into three major types, which are as follows:<br \/><strong>Blind Vias:<\/strong><br \/>Blind Vias establishes an electrical connection between an inner layer and the adjacent <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/a-comprehensive-guide-to-osp-pcb-surface-finish\/\">surface layer of the PCB<\/a>. These vias begin on the surface layer on one side of the circuit board and don&#8217;t extend to another side of the board. Therefore, such vias are called blind PCB vias. A blind via starts from the outer layer (anyone side, either the top or bottom layer) and connects that outer layer with at least one inner layer but does not pass through the whole circuit board. These vias are exposed on only one side of the PCB. Blind vias can help in making space free in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/pcb-design\/\">pcb design process<\/a>.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1964418 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1964418\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"351\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32712\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via2.jpg 624w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via2-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 3: Blind, Buried and Through-Hole PCB Vias<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-540f5d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"540f5d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Buried Vias:<\/strong><br \/>Buried vias create an electrical connection between two interior layers of the printed circuit board. These vias are completely encapsulated into the circuit board, and no ends extend to any other outer surface layer of the PCB. A buried passage connects at least two interior layers (inner layers), and it will not be visible on the outer layers. It is used in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/flexible-pcb-design-guide\/\">PCB design<\/a>, especially to connect inner-layer signals so that no signal interference occurs. Hence, it is preferable to use <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/hdi-pcb\/\">high-density interconnect printed circuit boards<\/a>.<\/p><p><strong>Through-Hole Vias<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/pcb-company-list\/\">PCB manufacturers<\/a> apply different techniques for drilling, such as ultrasonic beams and lasers. The through-hole Vias method of drilling is the most used method of PCB vias in the PCB manufacturing process. Through-hole vias connect the two outer or exterior layers of the printed circuit board. As it is clear from its name, Through Hole Vias means it can travel through a circuit board, connecting paths on the outermost layers. And also connects inner layers if required.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54cc70d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"54cc70d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"624\" height=\"416\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via3.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-32713\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via3.png 624w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via3-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/via3-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Figure 4: Multilayer Through Hole Vias<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60e9859 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"60e9859\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c5b88b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1c5b88b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Blind and Buried Vias Advantages and Applications:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67d8bd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67d8bd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Many electronic devices and PCBs have limited space issues. So we will prefer blind and buried vias during PCB manufacturing and fabrication. For example, Buried Via will create free space on the surface layer of the PCB without affecting any conductive paths or electronic components on the top or bottom layer. The blind via will similarly help in creating additional space on the PCB layer.<\/p><p><br \/>They are usually used for fine-pitch ball-grid array (BGA) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/qfp-package\/\">packaging and components<\/a>. Also used in (HDI) high-density interconnect printed circuit boards (PCBs).<\/p><p><br \/>Blind and buried vias are popularly used in HDI PCBs because they can provide better power delivery and an additional density layer, which is very important while designing electronics devices.<br \/>They are commonly and widely used in cellphones, medical equipment and devices, laptops, tablets, and other small electronic devices.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7c1ab6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"b7c1ab6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab8ddfa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab8ddfa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is the major difference between blind &amp; buried Vias ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bef570 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4bef570\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2022 A blind Via connects an outer layer of the PCB to at least one of the interior layers.<br \/>\u2022 A buried Via connects the inner layer of the circuit board without extending to the outer layer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1518de2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"1518de2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-780e353 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"780e353\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PCB Vias Classification<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b103970 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b103970\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Printed circuit board vias are an important part of PCB design and manufacturing. They allow PCBs for electrical connections of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/identify-pcb-components\/\">components on circuit board<\/a> layers. They contribute to PCB miniaturization, reduce electrical noise, and avoid signal interference. For a better understanding of the different <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/pcb-vias-selection-guide\/\">PCB Vias types<\/a> that are used in PCB design, we can classify them depending on their shape and usage. Each classification of PCB Vias has its own significance, unique characteristics, and properties, making printed circuit boards more suitable and efficient for electronics device manufacturing. Let&#8217;s take a look at PCB via classification:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><b>Classification Based on Shape:<\/b><br>Based on shape, PCB Vias are classified as:<br>\u2022 Round Via: These vias are easy to design and manufacture and offer a more reliable electrical connection between different <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/different-layers-of-the-pcb\/\">layers of PCB<\/a>.<br>\u2022 Square Via: Square PCB Vias have a larger surface area and can hold higher current loads than round PCB Vias. They are preferable to use in high-density PCBs, where we have space considerations.<br>\u2022 Tear-shaped: Such Vias have a rounded shape that transitions into a narrower neck. They offer a smooth transition for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/high-speed-pcb\/\">high-speed<\/a> signals and minimize signal loss.<br>\u2022 Oblong PCB Vias: They are used in specific PCB designs where the Via dimensions require customization. Oblong PCB Vias can offer a remarkable and exceptional space-saving property as compared to round and square PCB Vias.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Classification Based on Usage:<\/strong><br>Based on the use of PCB vias, they can be classified into many categories.<br>\u2022 Power Via: Such Vias are used for carrying high current between various layers and connecting power planes.<br>\u2022 Signal Via: It is used for signal routing between different PCB layers.<br>\u2022 Stacked Via: It is used for creating additional routing options and improving the signal integrity of the PCB.<br>\u2022 Ground Via: These Vias are used for grounding electrical <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/dip-components\/\">components on circuit boards<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef63438 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"ef63438\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><style>\n        .vertical-divider {\n            height: 7px; \/* \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u9ad8\u5ea6 *\/\n            background:#006FAD;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n<div class=\"vertical-divider\"><\/div>    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5df3c3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5df3c3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Summary:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ebdeaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ebdeaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The importance of printed circuit boards in advanced and modern electronic devices and designs cannot be ignored. PCB vias are crucial in creating electrical connections, saving space, enhancing the efficiency of PCBs, reducing noise, avoiding signal interference, thermal management, and ensuring the improved signal integrity of printed circuit boards. PCB Design Engineers can face challenges such as during PCB manufacturing process can arise the misalignment and shifting of blind and buried PCB vias. To ensure efficiency, precision, and reliability of printed circuit boards, strong understanding and collaboration between PCB designers and manufacturers are important.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/\">Request and Quote your desired PCB from the Best PCB Manufacturer.<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<aside class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bd570c\" data-id=\"6bd570c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71f4a51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"71f4a51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div 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data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Service<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-23c803c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"23c803c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1791d97\" data-id=\"1791d97\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e88cf3b elementor-align-start active elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"e88cf3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/ic-programming-service\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">IC Programming<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/procurement-service\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Component Procurement<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/pcb-manufacturing-services\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">PCB Manufacturing<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/pcb-assembly\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">PCB Assembly<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/pcba-prototyping\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">PCBA Prototype<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/cable-and-wire-harness-assembly\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Harness Assembly<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/box-build-assembly\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Box Build Assembly<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/pcb-test\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">PCB Test<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a1652d7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a1652d7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b9b413\" data-id=\"4b9b413\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f0deec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8f0deec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">Quote<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61f23ac elementor-button-align-stretch elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"61f23ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"New Form\" aria-label=\"New Form\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"32364\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"61f23ac\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-above\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-name elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tName\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[name]\" id=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-email elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[email]\" id=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Email\" required=\"required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-message elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-sm\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" rows=\"4\" placeholder=\"Message\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Send<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/aside>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6af7b482 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6af7b482\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1190261c\" data-id=\"1190261c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a13aa39 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a13aa39\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-79f97066\" data-id=\"79f97066\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a0f45d3\" data-id=\"4a0f45d3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e894096 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7e894096\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Get a quote<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78c3814f elementor-button-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"78c3814f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"New Form\" aria-label=\"New Form\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"32364\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"78c3814f\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-name elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tName\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[name]\" id=\"form-field-name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-md  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-email elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[email]\" id=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-md  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Email\" required=\"required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-tel elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-field_d541da3 elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-field_d541da3\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPhone\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"tel\" name=\"form_fields[field_d541da3]\" id=\"form-field-field_d541da3\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-md  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Phone\" pattern=\"[0-9()#&amp;+*-=.]+\" title=\"Seuls les caract\u00e8res de num\u00e9ros de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone (#, -, *, etc.) sont accept\u00e9s.\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-textarea elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-message elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-message\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMessage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<textarea class=\"elementor-field-textual elementor-field  elementor-size-md\" name=\"form_fields[message]\" id=\"form-field-message\" rows=\"4\" placeholder=\"Message\"><\/textarea>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Send Message<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ffbf3c3\" data-id=\"ffbf3c3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2e5be2b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2e5be2b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d1ab00c\" data-id=\"d1ab00c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bab0168 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bab0168\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-xl\">Related Blogs<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2febe08 elementor-posts--thumbnail-none elementor-grid-3 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-card-shadow-yes elementor-posts__hover-gradient elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"2febe08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32364 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-knowledge-of-pcb tag-pcb-troubleshooting\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/why-do-pcb-vias-shift\/\">\n\t\t\t\tWhy do PCB Blind and Buried Vias Shift?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>This shift of PCB vias refers to displacement, misplacement, disposition, or misalignment of the holes drilled for these blind and buried vias. There are various issues, and manufacturing mistakes are caused by several reasons.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/why-do-pcb-vias-shift\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Why do PCB Blind and Buried Vias Shift?\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\tjanvier 25, 2024\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-29502 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-knowledge-of-pcb tag-pcb-troubleshooting\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/electronic-thermal-noise\/\">\n\t\t\t\tThermal Noise in Electronics\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Thermal Noise in Electronics With the changing landscape of communication technology and communication needs, there is a growing demand for high-frequency circuits in modern electronics<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/electronic-thermal-noise\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Thermal Noise in Electronics\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\toctobre 7, 2023\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-28550 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-knowledge-of-pcb tag-circuit-test tag-diy-pcba-board-at-home tag-pcb-troubleshooting\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/raspberry-pi-stress-test\/\">\n\t\t\t\tHow to stress test your Raspberry Pi?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>How to stress test your Raspberry Pi? If you are interested in finding out the true capabilities of your Raspberry Pi, especially if you have<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/raspberry-pi-stress-test\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur How to stress test your Raspberry Pi?\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\tseptembre 4, 2023\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-22840 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-ordering-assistance category-knowledge-of-pcb tag-basic-pcba-knowledge tag-circuit-test tag-manufacturing-process tag-pcb-troubleshooting\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/spi-inspection\/\">\n\t\t\t\tSPI Inspection: Way to test solder paste printing\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>SPI Inspection: Way to test solder paste printing As the trend towards miniaturization of electronic devices continues to advance, electronic assembly faces various challenges. In<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/spi-inspection\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur SPI Inspection: Way to test solder paste printing\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\tmai 8, 2023\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-21557 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-knowledge-of-pcb tag-manufacturing-process tag-pcb-troubleshooting\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__card\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/pcb-repair-guide\/\">\n\t\t\t\tPCB Board Repair &amp; Maintenance: Step-by-Step Guide\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Table of Contents PCB Board Repair &amp; Maintenance: Step-by-Step Guide When electronics do not work, PCB board repair can often prevent costly replacements. On this<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/pcb-repair-guide\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur PCB Board Repair &amp; Maintenance: Step-by-Step Guide\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\tavril 23, 2023\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ef1e89f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ef1e89f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6c5bbef\" data-id=\"6c5bbef\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ed32bc1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ed32bc1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-508b405\" data-id=\"508b405\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bae65a9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-fixed elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"bae65a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;,&quot;collapse_subitems&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Aucun titre n\\u2019a \\u00e9t\\u00e9 trouv\\u00e9 sur cette page.&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__bae65a9\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Ouvrir la table des mati\u00e8res\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__bae65a9\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Fermer la table des mati\u00e8res\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__bae65a9\" class=\"elementor-toc__body elementor-toc__list-items--collapsible\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ce d\u00e9calage des vias du circuit imprim\u00e9 se r\u00e9f\u00e8re au d\u00e9placement, au mauvais placement, \u00e0 la disposition ou au mauvais alignement des trous perc\u00e9s pour ces vias aveugles et enterr\u00e9s. Il existe plusieurs probl\u00e8mes et les erreurs de fabrication sont dues \u00e0 plusieurs raisons.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_templately_pack_id":"","_templately_imported_at":"","_templately_source":"","_templately_import_session_id":"","footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[110],"class_list":["post-32364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge-of-pcb","tag-pcb-troubleshooting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32364"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32364\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fs-pcba.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}